|
ZIP Haiku
Questions & Answers by John E. Carley
The first ZIP haiku ever written:
slowly I search a field of flowers
finding nothing but beauty
John E. Carley 1999
First poet to publicly adopt the style:
autumn walk without his net
and now so many butterflies
Owen L. Burkhart 2000
First winner of a Zip kukai (contest):
this morning the plush peonies
and your warm breath in my hair
Marjorie Buettner 2000
Q: What is a 'zip'?
A: A 'zip' is a formal pattern for writing short, Japanese style, verse in English. It is an alternative to the three line - 5/7/5 - pattern.
Q: Why an alternative?
A: In linguistic terms the three line - 5/7/5 - pattern has very dubious antecedents. Fatally, it tends to be both less elegant and more constrained than its Japanese counterpart, and in recent years has been largely abandoned.
Q: Is that a problem?
A: Yes. And No. Though there is a 20th century body of 'free verse' haiku in both Japanese and English, the skilled use of 'strict form' (in Japanese 'teikei' ) has always been integral to the aesthetics of the genre.
Few dispute this. However the three line - 5/7/5 - approach has proven so unsatisfactory that many poets have concluded that it is impossible to write teikei haiku in English.
Q: So what's this new approach?
A: The 'zip' does not try to mimic the Japanese stanza directly. Instead it attempts to perform in English those functions which the Japanese stanza performs in that language.
The 'zip' has a fixed total of 15 syllables deployed at will over two lines, each line broken by a triple space (caesura). The layout centres on these caesurae.
The total (15) reflects the relative density of English to Japanese; it also ensures that the stanza does not fall too readily into a facile rhythms
Following the Anglo Saxon convention the pause-value ascribed to each caesura is weaker than that of the line break. The pause pattern is therefore weak/strong/weak.
The interaction between pause structure and syntax paces both the semantic and phonic movement of the stanza. The layout encourages a degree of non-linear eye travel. No other punctuation is used.
Unlike much minimalist verse the 'zip' does not use overly abbreviated, forced or notational syntax. The presence of articles and principal verbs is therefore more frequent than otherwise.
The 'zip' has regard for the phonic properties of English, but rejects obvious versification. Complex figures of speech are avoided.
Q: What about seasons and so forth?
A: The 'zip' is style of prosody, a way of constructing a verse. What goes in the verse is a different issue.
|